T34VG1: Difference between revisions

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Fix T34VG2 explanation
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The '''T34VG1''' ('''Т34ВГ1''' in Cyrillic) is a custom chip performing a similar role to that of the [[ZX Spectrum ULA]] within various Eastern European Spectrum clones, most notably the [[Didaktik M]]. It is also sometimes labelled as a '''КА1515ХМ1-216''' or as just ULA1.  Note that in Latin script, КА1515ХМ1-216 is transliterated as ''KA1515HM1-216''. The chip is sometimes referred to as a БМК so BMK, which is the Russian for gate array or uncommitted logic array.
The '''T34VG1''' ('''Т34ВГ1''' in Cyrillic) is a custom chip performing a similar role to that of the [[ZX Spectrum ULA]] within various Eastern European Spectrum clones, most notably the [[Didaktik M]]. It is also sometimes labelled as a '''КА1515ХМ1-216''' or as just ULA1.  Note that in Latin script, КА1515ХМ1-216 is transliterated as ''KA1515HM1-216''. The chip is sometimes referred to as a БМК so BMK, which is the Russian for gate array or uncommitted logic array.
The '''T34VG2''' ('''Т34ВГ2''') adds an integrated floppy drive controller.


Systems using the T34VG1 are typically clocked at 4 MHz.  The chip uses the same scheme as the Amstrad CPC for sharing memory bandwidth between the CPU and video display engine, in that it introduces wait T-states (Tw states) by means of the Z80's {{overline|WAIT}} pin, so that memory accesses are aligned to groups of four clock cycles, resulting in execution of between 3–4 million T-states per second depending on the instructions that are executed.  Wait states are inserted for access to any memory address, and for access to the ULA port ("port 0xfe").  These wait states are inserted as needed even whilst the border is being drawn and during vertical retrace, so as to provide consistent CPU performance.  This consistency is needed, for example, when executing the ROM's beeper and tape routines, as instruction fetches from ROM are also subject to wait states.
Systems using the T34VG1 are typically clocked at 4 MHz.  The chip uses the same scheme as the Amstrad CPC for sharing memory bandwidth between the CPU and video display engine, in that it introduces wait T-states (Tw states) by means of the Z80's {{overline|WAIT}} pin, so that memory accesses are aligned to groups of four clock cycles, resulting in execution of between 3–4 million T-states per second depending on the instructions that are executed.  Wait states are inserted for access to any memory address, and for access to the ULA port ("port 0xfe").  These wait states are inserted as needed even whilst the border is being drawn and during vertical retrace, so as to provide consistent CPU performance.  This consistency is needed, for example, when executing the ROM's beeper and tape routines, as instruction fetches from ROM are also subject to wait states.
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There are similar chips which should not be confused with the T34VG1.  For example, the КА1515ХМ1-171 is described as being used in the Anbelo-C[http://fincoins.spb.ru/oldpc/re2/1515.html] (although photos show the T34VG1 in this machine), the КА1515ХМ1-458 and КА1515ХМ1-433 are used together in the Infoton-030 which is a a 128K clone, and the КА1515ХМ1-6004 is used in another 128K clone, the HIMAC 128.  There are also many other chips designated as some form of КА1515ХМ1 that are not related to the Spectrum, for example, a set of support chips for the UKNC, a clone of the PDP-11.
There are similar chips which should not be confused with the T34VG1.  For example, the КА1515ХМ1-171 is described as being used in the Anbelo-C[http://fincoins.spb.ru/oldpc/re2/1515.html] (although photos show the T34VG1 in this machine), the КА1515ХМ1-458 and КА1515ХМ1-433 are used together in the Infoton-030 which is a a 128K clone, and the КА1515ХМ1-6004 is used in another 128K clone, the HIMAC 128.  There are also many other chips designated as some form of КА1515ХМ1 that are not related to the Spectrum, for example, a set of support chips for the UKNC, a clone of the PDP-11.
The ''T34VG2'' (''Т34ВГ2'') is a clone of the FD2793 floppy disk controller with support for controlling a printer, used together with the T34VG1 in some models of the Quantum-BK.


== Pinout ==
== Pinout ==

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